TOOTH ACHE is described as pain, ache or soreness in tooth or around the tooth. Tooth pain can be a discomfort, frustrating and unpleasant experience, it worsen by biting or chewing.
CAUSES OF TOOTH PAIN
Tooth Decay
Tooth Decay is described as cavities, It involves the destruction of enamel [hard outer layer].
Tooth decay occurs by a plaque [sticky film of bacteria], constantly forms on tooth. When you eat or drink sugars, these bacteria produces acids, and these acids attacks the tooth and forms small holes on tooth.
Usually decay in enamel doesn't cause any pain but when it starts extending deep into middle layer [dentin], then sensitivity develops to temperature and touch.
Sensitivity Teeth
The person who experience pain or discomfort in the tooth has exposed to cold air, liquids and some foods indicates the person has developed sensitive teeth in the mouth. Teeth sensitivity occurs due to exposed dentin.
Sensitive teeth may occur due to Cavities, Improper brushing, Age, Bruxism, Cracked tooth, Receding gum in gingival infection, Broken-down fillings .
Cracked Tooth
A Cracked or fractured teeth can occur from trauma to mouth or directly to teeth [eg-biting on hard objects]. Cracked tooth causes pain and sensitivity to temperature an touch.
Impacted Tooth
Sometimes the tooth cannot come out in the jaw, has been blocked by the bone an gums. Most common tooth impacted are wisdom tooth [3rd molars], because they usually erupt last. Some persons have small jaws, so cannot accommodate the extra tooth, hence the teeth remains stuck under the bone and gums.
The impaction creates pain and pressure on the adjacent tooth, and sometimes causes jaw pain also while opening mouth.
Inflammation of Tooth Pulp
When the tooth decay is not treated,the cavity extends into deeper layer called pulp [is made up with blood vessels and nerves]. The pulpal infection causes more pressure inside the tooth and leads to pain and discomfort while eating and chewing.
Abscess[pus]
If the teeth with pulpal inflammation untreated, it leads to build up with bacteria inside pulp chamber. In this condition the infection tries to come out from tooth-root tip.The pressure inside the tooth cause more pain and worsens with chewing and biting, and if it untreated leads to severe complications like swelling.
Gum Disease
In gum disease the gums become re, swollen, bleeding and pain on touch. If the gum infection not treated leads to pocket formation, and fill with bacteria,plaque an exposes the the tooth root leads to sensitivity and decay in root.
Non-Dental Causes
Sometimes the sinuses [cavity filled with air] in the face are infected and leads to pain
PREVENTION
To prevent cavities,sensitivity, gum disease follow the under preventive measures:
Brush your teeth gently twice daily morning and night with soft bristled brush and fluoridated paste by using correct brushing method.
Cleaning in-between teeth with floss or inter-proximal brush daily twice.
Changing toothbrush for every 3-4 months.
Using mouthwash.
Gargling / rinsing mouth with water after food.
Drinking Fluoride water.
Avoid Smoking.
Avoid to take sticky foods,sugary drinks and carbonated drinks.
Regular dental check-ups.
TREATMENT
Your Dentist will find the underlying cause for tooth pain,and he / she will start the treatment according to that :
Medications
- Painkillers is prescribed to relieve tooth pain.
- Antibiotics are prescribed to get relief from infection.
Oral rinses such as mouthwashes to decrease gum infection.
Fluoride application to prevent caries formation.
If the person has Bruxisim Mouth guards are recommended to prevent tooth damage.
For sensitive teeth and decayed teeth Fillings / restorations.
If the cavity is extended to pulp then root canal [endodontic treatment] is recommended.
For sensitive teeth at chewing surfaces without pulpal involvement crowns are recommended.
For Abscess tooth [pus] drainage of pus to relive pain and swelling is primary therapy,and then proceed by endodontic treatment.
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